Parts of speech - Woordsoorten

Exceptions

All adjectives that end in -en do not decline at all (i.e. never receive an end -e) and are therefore an exception to the general rule.

Most of these are adjectives describing materials. For example:

de tafel is van hout® een houten tafel

the table is (made) of wood ® a wooden table

mijn ring is van goud® een gouden ring

my ring is (made) of gold ® a golden ring


Some other adjectives that naturally end in -en behave in the same way:

Heb je het boek 'Gevangenis met een open deur' van Jan Terlouw al eens gelezen?

Have you ever read the book 'Prison with an Open Door' by Jan Terlouw?


Some past participles of verbs naturally ending in -en­ also behave in the same way (i.e. they do not receive an end -e):

Toen ik gisteren thuis kwam, stond ik voor een gesloten deur.

When I got home yesterday, I came to a closed door.

'NEW' ADJECTIVES

On the whole, when new adjectives are added to the language, or when adjectives are 'borrowed' from other languages, they are declined like all other adjectives. There are some, however, whose adaptation to the Dutch grammar system is not so simple. The adjective plastic for instance, does not decline:

Deze winkel geeft geen plastic tasjes meer weg.

This shop no longer provides plastic carrier bags.


Some recently imported English words like cool can be declined, but language users tend to avoid having to do so. So, even though a sentence like Dat is een coole tas can be heard, it is preferrable to say Die tas is cool.

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