Referring expressions - Verwijswoorden

Adverbs of time, manner and place

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Some >>adverbs of time, manner and place are also important for the >>cohesion of a text. Have a look at the following text.

 

Er was eens een prins; hij wilde een prinses hebben, maar het moest een echte prinses zijn. Toen reisde hij de hele wereld rond om er eentje te vinden, maar overal was er wat mee. Prinsessen waren er genoeg, maar hij kon er nooit achter komen of het nu echte prinsessen waren; er was telkens iets dat niet helemaal klopte. Daarom ging hij maar weer naar huis en was zeer bedroefd, want hij wilde zo graag een echte prinses hebben.
Once upon a time there was a prince; he wanted to have a princess, but it had to be a real princess. Then he went around the whole world to find one, but everywhere there was something the matter with them. There were plenty of princesses, but he could never discover if they were genuine; every time there was something that wasn't quite right. That's why he went back home and he was very sad, for he would so love to have a real princess.

Eens indicates that we are in a non-specified time. Toen indicates the sequence in time in which the fairy tale take place, overal refers back to de hele wereld, telkens refers to every stage of the princes' journey around the world and there are no less than six occurrences of the little word er. Click >here for more information about er.

There are two different categories of adverbs of time, manner and place that are used as cohesive devices in a text: demonstrative and interrogative. These categories parallel similar >pronouns and pronominal adverbs.
time
manner
place
demonstrative
dan, toen
zo
hier, daar
interrogative
wanneer?
hoe?
waar?

There are also indefinite adverbs of time and place that are used as cohesive devices in a text, that can be divided into those with a collective reference and those with a non-collective reference:
time
place
collective
altijd, telkens
overal
non-collective
soms, eens
ergens

There is also a relative adverb of place: waar.

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