Constituents - Zinsdelen

Nominal predicate - Naamwoordelijk gezegde

A nominal predicate describes the state of the subject of the sentence.

A nominal predicate contains a special type of finite verb: one of a small group of so-called copular verbs (koppelwerkwoord). A copular verb may be combined with one or more auxiliaries (e.g. when the copular verb appears in the perfect tense or with a modal verb). The copular verb (together with any possible auxiliaries) is known as the verbal part of the nominal predicate.

The rest of the nominal predicate does not consist of verbal elements, but of nominal elements, usually a noun or a noun group, or an adjective or an adjective group (e.g. a combination of an adverb and an adjective). This is called the nominal part of the nominal predicate.

The group of copular verbs is very small indeed. The most common ones are:
- zijn (to be);
- worden (to become); and
- blijven (to stay).

In the following examples, each nominal predicate is printed in bold, and the nominal part of the predicate in white. In the first example ben geweest is the verbal part and voorzitter van de roeivereniging (a noun group) is the nominal part. In the second sentence, wil worden is the verbal part and geen docent (a noun group) is the nominal part of the nominal predicate. In the third sentence the nominal part of the predicate is an adjective group: heel kalm.

Ik ben vroeger voorzitter van de roeivereniging geweest. I used to be chairman of the rowing club.
Als ik ben afgestudeerd, wil ik geen leraar worden! When I have graduated, I do not want to become a teacher!
De docent bleef heel kalm toen alle studenten wegliepen. The teacher remained very calm when all students walked away.

The other copular verbs are:
- blijken (to appear);
- lijken (to seem);
- schijnen (to seem);
- heten (to be called);
- dunken (to be of an opinion);
- voorkomen (to seem).

Het nieuws bleek nog aan bijna niemand bekend. The news appeared to be known to hardly anybody yet.
Die hond lijkt heel agressief. That dog seems very aggressive.
De nieuwe buren schijnen aardig. The new neighbours seem nice.
Zij wil van nu af aan Marloes heten. From now on, she wants to be called Marloes.
Zijn gezicht komt bekend voor. His face seems familiar.

Dunken is an archaic word and is found in fixed expressions of the format: me dunkt dat … (it seems to me that …; cf. archaic English: Methinks … )

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